高雄榮民總醫院病理檢驗部

Primary extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma of bronchus and lung: A case report and review of literature

Primary pulmonary non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is very rare. It represents less than 1% of all NHL, and 0.5–1% of all primary pulmonary malignancies. Almost all cases of primary pulmonary NHL originate from B‐cell lineage. We present a case of a 53‐year‐old man with primary extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma of the bronchus and lung, presented progressive dyspnea caused by right lower lung consolidation, and pleural effusion. Initial chest computed tomography suggested advanced lung cancer. Bronchofiberscopy showed a polypoid tumor on which a biopsy was performed. Histologically, the diffusely infiltrative atypical cells were positive for cytoplasmic CD3, CD56, granzyme B, and negative for cytokeratin, CD20 immunostains, suggesting NK/T cell lineages. In situ hybridization for Epstein‐Barr virus encoded ribonucleic acid (EBER) was positive. Herein, we discuss the clinicopathological features of this case and review the literature on primary extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma of the lung. Compared with other patients, who died after the first cycle of chemotherapy and/or within three months, our patient had longer survival under aggressive chemotherapy and auto‐peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.